ABSTRACT
Background: Induced or spontaneous labour has implication on the eventual mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. The aim of study is to compare mean duration of labour andmaterno-foetal outcome of induced versus spontaneous labour among nulliparous women using modified WHO partograph.Methods: The study was conducted in nulliparous women coming at term in active phase of labour (with cervical dilatation at least 4 cm) either spontaneous or induced, both labouring women were monitored using modified WHO partograph. Outcomes measures include requirement of augmentation of labour with oxytocin, mean duration of labour, eventual mode of delivery and the materno foetal outcome.Results: A total 100 women were compared in each group. There was no difference in mean age group, BMI, gestational age. More women had spontaneous vaginal delivery among those with spontaneous labour (76% versus 58%) (p=0.033). The mean duration of second stage of labour was significantly more in induced labour (16.25 minutes) than in spontaneous labour (14.60 minutes) (p=0.0212). The mean Apgar scores were comparable in two groups. Induced labour is comparable to spontaneous labour regarding fetomaternal outcomes but with increased rate of caesarean deliveries.Conclusions: Study concluded from our study that in spontaneous group mean duration of labour was less than induced group and most of the patient delivered vaginally. In induced group rate of caesarean was higher and requirement of oxytocin for labour augmentation was also more than spontaneous group. Maternal complications were also found more in induced group than spontaneous group whereas neonatal outcome was similar in both the groups. We observed in our study that induced labour can be a safe procedure among nulliparous women if labour is partographically monitored by WHO modified partograph.
ABSTRACT
Background: Examination of bone marrow has wideapplications in clinical medicine. Bone marrow can beevaluated by three ways – Bone marrow aspirate (BMA)smears, Imprints or touch preparations (BMI) of bone marrowcore biopsies, and histological sections of core biopsies(BMBx). Hence; we planned the present study to assess andcompare the effectiveness of bone marrow aspiration, imprintand biopsy in patients suffering from acute leukaemia.Materials & Methods: The present study includedcomparative evaluation of efficacy of bone marrow aspiration,imprint and biopsy in acute leukaemia cases. We carried outbone marrow examination on 10 cases presenting with acuteleukaemia’s. We included only those cases in which bonemarrow examination was done by using all the three methodsof BMA, BMI and BMBx will be included in the study. A Salah'sneedle was used to aspirate material from bone marrow.Biopsy was done using a Jamshidi/Janus trephine needle.After routine processing and paraffin embedding thin sectionswere cut and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Weanalyzed all the results by SPSS software.Results: Out of 10 cases, findings of BMA, BMI and BMBxwere in concordance with each other in 70 percent of thecases. In two cases, dry tap was observed, which was furtherdiagnosed with BMI and BMBx. Diluted marrow was observedin one case which was further diagnosed with BMI and BMBx.Findings of BMI and BMBx were in concordance with eachother in 100 percent of the cases.Conclusion: All the three diagnostic techniques arecomplementary to each other.
ABSTRACT
Synthetic pyrethroids are the recent major class of broad spectrum, photostable, organic insecticides used in agricultural, domestic and veterinary applications and now account for more than 30% of global insecticide use. Cypermethrin is metabolized and eliminated significantly more slowly by fish than by mammals or birds, which may explain this compound's high toxicity in fish compared to other organisms. The present communication deals with histoanatomical alterations in the gonads of a local fresh water food fish, Channa punctatus exposed to 0.033 ppm (96 hr LC50 X 1/10) concentration of a synthetic pyrethroid, devicyprin (cypermethrin 25%) in aquatic medium of aged tap water for 15, 30 and 45 days respectively. In testis, exposure dependent histological damage has been observed in terms of vacuolization, condensation of spermatogonic cells, distortion of tubular epithelium, shrinkage of interstitial cells and general inflammatory responses. Longest exposure of 45 days has resulted in peculiar starry-sky appearance of the testicular tissue. Gross histo-anatomy of ovarian tissue reveals epithelial lesions, inflammatory responses, stromal hemorrhage, increased interstitium and shrinkage of yolk vesicles towards periphery These findings are quite suggestive of reproductive impairments leading to delayed gonadal maturity and adversely affecting processes of sperm production and ovulation and thus, the fish production.